{"id":124689,"date":"2025-09-05T10:36:14","date_gmt":"2025-09-05T08:36:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thediplomatinspain.com\/?p=124689"},"modified":"2025-09-05T10:36:14","modified_gmt":"2025-09-05T08:36:14","slug":"spain-and-the-sahel-security-at-stake-after-international-withdrawal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thediplomatinspain.com\/en\/2025\/09\/05\/spain-and-the-sahel-security-at-stake-after-international-withdrawal\/","title":{"rendered":"Spain and the Sahel: Security at Stake After International Withdrawal"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<p data-start=\"181\" data-end=\"516\">The departure of international missions from Mali and Niger has left a security vacuum in the Sahel that directly affects Spain. The growing presence of Russia and China, the spread of jihadist terrorism, and the fragility of regional regimes have turned this crisis into a strategic challenge for Spanish foreign and defense policy.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p data-start=\"518\" data-end=\"551\"><strong data-start=\"518\" data-end=\"549\">The Vacuum After Withdrawal<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"553\" data-end=\"1028\">In just two years, the map of the Sahel has been radically transformed. France\u2019s Operation Barkhane has pulled out, the UN has ended its presence in Mali, and the EU mission in Niger is being progressively dismantled. In their place, new military governments are seeking alliances with Moscow, which has deployed forces linked to the Wagner Group\u2014now rebranded under direct Russian state control. This shift has undermined Europe\u2019s ability to exert influence in the region.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1030\" data-end=\"1051\"><strong data-start=\"1030\" data-end=\"1049\">A Nearby Threat<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1053\" data-end=\"1452\">For Spain, the Sahel is anything but a distant scenario. Instability directly impacts three fronts: jihadist terrorism, with ramifications reaching the Maghreb; migratory pressure, with routes crossing Mauritania and Morocco toward the Canary Islands; and energy security, given that Algeria is Spain\u2019s main supplier of natural gas. The region has become an advanced frontier of national security.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1454\" data-end=\"1488\"><strong data-start=\"1454\" data-end=\"1486\">The Role of Russia and China<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1490\" data-end=\"1899\">Russia has consolidated itself as the military partner of Sahel regimes, offering security in exchange for mining concessions and political support. China, for its part, has intensified its economic and infrastructure footprint, filling the void left by Europe. Together, these moves reduce Spain\u2019s and Europe\u2019s room for maneuver, while weakening their ability to press for democratic reforms in the region.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1901\" data-end=\"1923\"><strong data-start=\"1901\" data-end=\"1921\">Spain\u2019s Strategy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1925\" data-end=\"2359\">Spain has reinforced bilateral cooperation with Mauritania and maintains a constant dialogue with Algeria and Morocco to contain migration routes. It is also pushing for the EU to recognize the Sahel as a strategic priority, advocating greater cooperation funds and a comprehensive approach that combines security, development, and governance. Spanish diplomacy insists that the Sahel is Europe\u2019s southern frontier\u2014not just Spain\u2019s.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2361\" data-end=\"2390\"><strong data-start=\"2361\" data-end=\"2388\">Foreign Policy Dilemmas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2392\" data-end=\"2870\">The withdrawal of European missions forces Spain to decide whether to increase its bilateral presence or rely on new multilateral frameworks. The risk is clear: without sustained engagement, the Sahel could become a permanent source of instability, affecting the Canary Islands, the Strait of Gibraltar, and energy security. The tension between pragmatism (agreements with military governments) and principles (defending democracy and human rights) will shape Madrid\u2019s agenda.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2872\" data-end=\"2888\"><strong data-start=\"2872\" data-end=\"2886\">Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2890\" data-end=\"3330\">The Sahel is today Spain\u2019s foremost external security challenge. With the international drawdown, the government must craft a strategy that blends diplomacy, cooperation, and on-the-ground presence, relying on the EU and NATO but also strengthening bilateral alliances. The outcome of this effort will determine Spain\u2019s ability to safeguard its interests in the Maghreb and West Africa in an increasingly contested geopolitical landscape.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"181\" data-end=\"516\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The departure of international missions from Mali and Niger has left a security vacuum in the Sahel that directly affects Spain. The growing presence of Russia and China, the spread of jihadist terrorism, and the fragility of regional regimes have turned this crisis into a strategic challenge for Spanish foreign and defense policy. The Vacuum [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":365,"featured_media":124693,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":null,"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[174],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-124689","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Spain and the Sahel: Security at Stake After International Withdrawal - thediplomatinspain.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thediplomatinspain.com\/en\/2025\/09\/05\/spain-and-the-sahel-security-at-stake-after-international-withdrawal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Spain and the Sahel: Security at Stake After International Withdrawal - thediplomatinspain.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The departure of international missions from Mali and Niger has left a security vacuum in the Sahel that directly affects Spain. The growing presence of Russia and China, the spread of jihadist terrorism, and the fragility of regional regimes have turned this crisis into a strategic challenge for Spanish foreign and defense policy. 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